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ืื™ืš ื‘ื•ื—ืจื™ื ื—ื‘ืจืช ืงื™ื“ื•ื ืืชืจื™ื (SEO) ื—ืœืง ื'

ืื™ืš ื‘ื•ื—ืจื™ื ื—ื‘ืจืช ืงื™ื“ื•ื ืืชืจื™ื (SEO) ื—ืœืง ื'

26.1.18

ืื ืืชื ืžืขื•ื ื™ื™ื ื™ื ืœื”ื–ื ื™ืง ืืช ื”ืืชืจ ืฉืœื›ื ืืœ ืจืืฉ ืจืฉื™ืžืช ื”ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื‘ื’ื•ื’ืœ ื•ื‘ืฉืืจ ืžื ื•ืขื™ ื”ื—ื™ืคื•ืฉ, ืื‘ืœ ืœื ื™ื•ื“ืขื™ื ื‘ืื™ื–ื• ื—ื‘ืจื” ืœื‘ื—ื•ืจ ื›ื“ื™ ืฉื‘ืืžืช ืชืฆืœื™ื—ื• ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืืœ ื”ื™ืขื“ โ€“ ืืชื ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื”ื ื›ื•ืŸ. ื›ืืŸ ืชื•ื›ืœื• ืœืžืฆื•ื ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืคืจืžื˜ืจื™ื ืฉื›ื“ืื™ ืฉื™ื ื—ื• ืืชื›ื ื‘ื‘ื—ื™ืจื”, ื•ืฉื™ื‘ื˜ื™ื—ื• ื›ื›ืœ ืฉืจืง ื ื™ืชืŸ, ืฉืชืขืฉื• ื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ืฉืชืฉืชืœื ืขื‘ื•ืจื›ื, ื”ืŸ ื‘ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ ืฉืœ ื”ืžื—ื™ืจ ื”ื›ืกืคื™, ื•ื”ืŸ ื‘ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ ื”ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ โ€“ ื”ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื‘ืฉื˜ื—.


SEO? ื–ื” ื›ืœ ื›ืš 2012...

ื”ื™ื•ื ื›ืœ ืžื™ ืฉืขื•ืกืง ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ืฉืœ ืงื™ื“ื•ื ืืชืจื™ื ื‘ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜ ื™ื•ื“ืข, ืฉืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœื”ื’ื™ืข ืœืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื”ื–ื” ืœื ืžืกืคื™ืง ืœื“ืขืช ืœืงื“ื ืืชืจื™ื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืช ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ื‘ืงื•ื“ ืื• ื”ื—ืœืคืช ืชื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ืขืžื•ื“ื™ ื”ืืชืจ. ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœืงื“ื ืืชืจื™ื ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืฉืชื”ื™ื” ื‘ืขืœืช ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ื•ืฉืชื‘ื™ื ืœืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ืฉื ืฉืืจื•ืช ืœืื•ืจืš ื–ืžืŸ, ืฆืจื™ืš ืœื”ืกืชื›ืœ ืขืœ ื”ืžืฉื™ืžื” ื‘ืคืจืกืคืงื˜ื™ื‘ื” ืจื—ื‘ื” ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ. ืœื›ืŸ, ื”ื™ื•ื ื›ื‘ืจ ืœื ืžืกืคื™ืง ืœืคื ื•ืช ืœื—ื‘ืจื” ืฉื”ืฉื ืฉืœื” ื›ื•ืœืœ ืืช ื”ืžื•ืฉื’ SEO. ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืคื ื•ืช ืœื—ื‘ืจื” ืฉืชื•ื›ืœ ืœื‘ืฆืข ืขื‘ื•ืจื›ื ืฉื™ื•ื•ืง ื“ื™ื’ื™ื˜ืœื™ ืจื—ื‘ ื”ื™ืงืฃ, ืฉื™ื‘ื™ื ืœืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ื”ืจืฆื•ื™ื•ืช: ืงื™ื“ื•ื ื”ืืชืจ ื‘ืžื ื•ืขื™ ื”ื—ื™ืคื•ืฉ, ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืชื“ืžื™ืช ื—ื™ื•ื‘ื™ืช ืœืขืกืง ื•ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ โ€“ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืคื ื™ื•ืช.


360 ืžืขืœื•ืช ืฉืœ ืฉื™ื•ื•ืง ื“ื™ื’ื™ื˜ืœื™

ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœื”ืฆืœื™ื— ืœืงื“ื ืืชืจื™ื ื”ื™ื•ื, ื‘ืชืงื•ืคื” ืฉื‘ื” ื”ืชื—ืจื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืžืงื•ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ืŸ ื‘ื’ื•ื’ืœ ื•ื‘ืฉืืจ ืžื ื•ืขื™ ื”ื—ื™ืคื•ืฉ ืจืง ื”ื•ืœื›ืช ื•ื’ื“ืœื”, ื›ื‘ืจ ืœื ืžืกืคื™ืง ืœื”ืกืชื›ืœ ืจืง ืขืœ ื”ืืชืจ ืขืฆืžื•. ื–ืืช ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื”ืจืฉืช ื”ืคื›ื” ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืขื•ืœื ืฉืœื ืฉืœ ืคืœื˜ืคื•ืจืžื•ืช ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื ื”ืขืกืง, ื•ืขืกืง ืฉืœื ื ืžืฆื ื‘ื›ื•ืœืŸ โ€“ ืขืœื•ืœ ืœืžืฆื•ื ืืช ืขืฆืžื• ืžืื—ื•ืจ. ื—ื‘ืจืช ืงื™ื“ื•ื ืืชืจื™ื ืื™ื›ื•ืชื™ืช ื”ื™ื ื›ื–ืืช ืฉืžืกืชื›ืœืช ืขืœ ื”ืชืžื•ื ื” ื”ืจื—ื‘ื”, ื•ื‘ื•ื ื” ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืขืกืง ื ื•ื›ื—ื•ืช ื“ื™ื’ื™ื˜ืœื™ืช ื›ืœืœ ืขืจื•ืฆื™ืช ืžื•ืชืืžืช ืื™ืฉื™ืช, ืฉื›ื•ืœืœืช ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืž-SEO:

  • ืืชืจ ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜ ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ โ€“ ืื‘ืŸ ื”ื“ืจืš ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื‘ื”ืฆืœื—ืช ื”ืงื™ื“ื•ื ืฉืœ ื›ืœ ืขืกืง. ืืชืจ ื‘ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜ ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื•ื ื›ืžื• ื›ืจื˜ื™ืก ื”ื‘ื™ืงื•ืจ ืฉืœ ืคืขื, ื•ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ืฆื™ื’ ืืช ื”ืขืกืง ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ืช ื•ืขื ื™ื™ื ื™ืช, ืืฉืจ ืชื‘ื”ื™ืจ ืœื’ื•ืœืฉ ืฉื“ื•ื•ืงื ื”ืขืกืง ืฉืœื›ื ื™ืขื ื” ืขืœ ื”ืฆืจื›ื™ื ืฉืœื• ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื”ืื•ืคื˜ื™ืžืœื™ืช. ืœื›ืŸ, ื›ืฉืžืงื™ืžื™ื ืืชืจ, ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœืืคื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ืชื• ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ืžื“ื•ื™ืงืช ื›ื›ื–ื” ืฉื™ืขื ื” ืขืœ ื›ืœ ืฆื•ืจื›ื™ ื”ืขืกืง: ืื ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื—ื ื•ืช - ืžื•ืžืœืฅ ืฉื”ืืชืจ ื™ืืคืฉืจ ืœื’ื•ืœืฉ ืœื‘ืฆืข ืจื›ื™ืฉื” ืื•ืŸ-ืœื™ื™ืŸ; ืื ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืขืกืง ืฉืžืฆื™ืข ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ืžืกื•ื™ืžื™ื, ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืฉื”ืืชืจ ื™ืฆื™ื’ ืืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื”, ื™ืกืคืง ื”ืžืœืฆื•ืช ื•ื›ืžื•ื‘ืŸ ื™ืฆื™ื’ ื“ืจื›ื™ื ื‘ืจื•ืจื•ืช ื•ื ื•ื—ื•ืช ืœื™ืฆื™ืจืช ืงืฉืจ. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœื•ื•ื“ื ืฉื”ืืชืจ ืžืื•ื—ืกืŸ ืขืœ ืฉืจืช ืžืื•ื‘ื˜ื—, ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœืฆืžืฆื ืœืžื™ื ื™ืžื•ื ืืช ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ืŸ ืœืคืจื™ืฆื” ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื”ืืงืจื™ื.
  • ื”ืชืืžื” ืœืกืœื•ืœืจื™, ื˜ืื‘ืœื˜ ื•ืžื•ื‘ื™ื™ืœ โ€“ ื”ื™ื•ื ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžืื•ื“ ืื ืฉื™ื ื”ื ื‘ืขืœื™ื”ื ื”ื’ืื™ื ืฉืœ ื˜ืœืคื•ื ื™ื ื—ื›ืžื™ื ื•ื˜ืื‘ืœื˜ื™ื, ืžื” ืฉืžื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืœื›ืš ืฉืžืขืœ 50% ืžื”ื—ื™ืคื•ืฉื™ื ื‘ืจืฉืช ืžืชื‘ืฆืขื™ื ื‘ืืžืฆืขื•ืชื. ืœื›ืŸ, ื›ืฉื‘ื•ื—ืจื™ื ื‘ื—ื‘ืจืช ืฉื™ื•ื•ืง ื“ื™ื’ื™ื˜ืœื™ ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืžืื•ื“ ืฉื”ื™ื ืชื“ืข ื’ื ืœื“ืื•ื’ ืœื›ืš ืฉื”ืืชืจ ืฉืœื›ื ื™ื•ืชืื ืœืคื•ืจืžื˜ ื”ืกืœื•ืœืจื™, ื•ืชืฆื™ืข ืœื›ื ื’ื ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืฉืœ ืคืจืกื•ื ืžืžื•ืงื“ ื‘ืกืœื•ืœืจ, ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ืœืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ืืคืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช. ืคืขื•ืœื” ื–ื• ื“ื•ืจืฉืช ืžื•ืžื—ื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ื™ื›ืจื•ืช ืขื ื›ืœื™ื ืžืชืงื“ืžื™ื ืœืคืจืกื•ื ื•ื”ืชืืžื” ืœืžื•ื‘ื™ื™ืœ.
  • ื ื•ื›ื—ื•ืช ื‘ืจืฉืชื•ืช ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื•ืช โ€“ ื”ืจืฉืชื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื•ืช ื”ืŸ ื”ื™ื•ื ื”ืคืœื˜ืคื•ืจืžื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœ ืžื” ืฉืงืฉื•ืจ ืœื‘ื—ื™ืจืช ื‘ืขืœื™ ืžืงืฆื•ืข ื•ื ื•ืชื ื™ ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ื. ื‘ืจืฉืชื•ืช ื”ืืœื” ืžืชืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ื“ื™ื•ื ื™ื ื—ื“ืฉื•ืช ืœื‘ืงืจื™ื ืื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื•ื”ืžื•ืฆืจื™ื ืฉืœ ื‘ืชื™ ืขืกืง ืฉื•ื ื™ื, ื•ื›ืœ ืขืกืง ื—ื™ื™ื‘ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื ื•ื›ื— ืฉื, ืื ื‘ืขืœื™ื• ื”ื•ื ื—ืคืฆื™ื ืœืงื‘ืœ ืคื ื™ื•ืช ื’ื ืžืขืจื•ืฅ ื–ื”. ืคื™ื™ืกื‘ื•ืง, ื˜ื•ื•ื™ื˜ืจ, ืœื™ื ื“ืงืื™ืŸ ื•ื”ื™ื•ื ื’ื ืคื™ื ื˜ืจืกื˜ ื”ืŸ ื”ืจืฉืชื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ืฉื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœื”ืจืื•ืช ื‘ื”ืŸ ื ื•ื›ื—ื•ืช ืคืขื™ืœื”, ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื•ื ื”ืžืฉืคื˜ "ืื ืืชื” ืœื ืฉื ืืชื” ืœื ืงื™ื™ื" ืžื›ื•ื•ืŸ ื‘ื“ื™ื•ืง ืืœื™ื”ืŸ. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื”ืจืฉืชื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื•ืช, ื‘ื“ื’ืฉ ืขืœ ืคื™ื™ืกื‘ื•ืง, ืžืกืคืงื•ืช ืœื‘ืขืœื™ ืขืกืงื™ื ืืช ื”ืืคืฉืจื•ืช ืœื‘ืฆืข ืคืจืกื•ื ืžืžื•ืžืŸ, ืืฉืจ ื”ื™ืชืจื•ืŸ ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื”ื˜ืžื•ืŸ ื‘ื• ื”ื•ื ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœื‘ืฆืข ืคื™ืœื•ื— ืžืžื•ืงื“ ืฉืœ ืงื”ืœ ื”ื™ืขื“ (ืขืœ ืคื™ ืžื’ื“ืจ, ื’ื™ืœ, ืื–ื•ืจ ืžื’ื•ืจื™ื, ืชื—ื•ืžื™ ืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื›ื“'), ื‘ื“ืจืš ื–ื• ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ืฆื™ื’ ืืช ื”ืžื•ื“ืขื•ืช ืจืง ื‘ืคื ื™ ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืกื™ื›ื•ื™ ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืฉื™ืฆื˜ืจื›ื• ืืช ื”ืžื•ืฆืจ ืื• ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืฉืืชื ืžืฆื™ืขื™ื ื•ื™ื”ืคื›ื• ืœืœืงื•ื—ื•ืช ืืžื™ืชื™ื™ื. ืจืง ื›ื“ื™ ืœืกื‘ืจ ืืช ื”ืื•ื–ืŸ, ืœืคื™ื™ืกื‘ื•ืง ื™ืฉ ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื›-3.9 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืžืฉืชืžืฉื™ื ืคืขื™ืœื™ื, ืžืชื•ื›ื 2.7 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ื ื›ื ืกื™ื ืœืคื™ื™ืกื‘ื•ืง ืžื“ื™ ื™ื•ื. 2.1 ืžื™ืœื™ื•ืŸ ื ื›ื ืกื™ื ืœืคื™ื™ืกื‘ื•ืง ืžื“ื™ ื™ื•ื ืžืžื›ืฉื™ืจื™ื ืกืœื•ืœืจื™ื™ื. ื ืชื•ื ื™ื ืืœื” ืžื•ื›ื™ื—ื™ื ืขื“ ื›ืžื” ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœื›ืœ ืขืกืง ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื ื•ื›ื— ื•ืœืคืจืกื ื‘ืคื™ื™ืกื‘ื•ืง, ื”ืจืฉืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช ื”ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื” โ€“ ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื•ื‘ื™ืฉืจืืœ.
  • ืงื™ื“ื•ื ืžืžื•ืžืŸ ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ ืœืื•ืจื’ื ื™ โ€“ ื”ื™ื•ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœืงื“ื ืืชืจ ื‘ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜ ื›ื‘ืจ ืœื ืžืกืคื™ืง ืœื‘ืฆืข ืจืง ืงื™ื“ื•ื ืื•ืจื’ื ื™. ื”ื™ื•ื ืฆืจื™ืš ื•ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœื ืฆืœ ืืช ื›ืœ ื”ืคืœื˜ืคื•ืจืžื•ืช ื”ืืคืฉืจื™ื•ืช, ื›ื•ืœืœ ืงื™ื“ื•ื ืžืžื•ืžืŸ, ืืฉืจ ื’ื ืžื‘ื™ื ื”ืจื‘ื” ืคื ื™ื•ืช ื‘ืคื ื™ ืขืฆืžื• ื•ื’ื ืชื•ืจื ืžืื•ื“ ืœืงื™ื“ื•ื ื”ืื•ืจื’ื ื™ ื”ื‘ืกื™ืกื™ (ื›ืœ ื›ื ื™ืกื” ืœืืชืจ ื“ืจืš ื”ืงื™ื“ื•ื ื”ืžืžื•ืžืŸ ืžืฉืคื™ืขื” ืœื—ื™ื•ื‘ ืขืœ ืžื™ืงื•ื ื”ืืชืจ ื‘ื—ื™ืคื•ืฉ ื”ืื•ืจื’ื ื™). ื”ืคืœื˜ืคื•ืจืžื•ืช ื”ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื•ืช ื•ื”ืืคืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœืคืจืกื•ื ืžืžื•ืžืŸ ื”ืŸ ื’ื•ื’ืœ ื•ืคื™ื™ืกื‘ื•ืง. ืขืœ ืคื™ ื ื™ืชื•ื— ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ื”ื’ื•ืœืฉื™ื, ื’ื•ืœืฉ ืฉื”ื•ื ื‘ืขืœ ื›ื•ื•ื ืช ืจื›ื™ืฉื” ื‘ืจื•ืจื”, ื™ืคื ื” ืœืจื•ื‘ ืœื’ื•ื’ืœ. ืื ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืœื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ืฉื”ื’ื•ืœืฉื™ื ื™ืจืื• ื’ื ืืช ื”ืขืกืง ืฉืœื›ื, ื›ื“ืื™ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ืœื›ื ืžื•ื“ืขื•ืช ืžืžื•ืžื ื•ืช ืืคืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช. ืœืฉื ื›ืš ืžื•ืžืœืฅ ืžืื•ื“ ืœืคื ื•ืช ืœื—ื‘ืจื” ืžื•ื‘ื™ืœื” ื‘ืชื—ื•ื, ืฉื”ื™ื "ืฉื•ืชืฃ ืคืจืžื™ื•ื" ืฉืœ ื’ื•ื’ืœ ืžื—ื“, ื•ื‘ืขืœืช ื›ืœื™ื ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ื™ื ื”ืžืืคืฉืจื™ื ืฉืžื™ืจื” ืขืœ ืžื—ื™ืจ ื ืžื•ืš ืœืงืœื™ืง ืืœ ืžื•ืœ ืชื•ืขืœืช ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื”. ื”ืคืจืกื•ื ื”ืžืžื•ืžืŸ ื‘ื’ื•ื’ืœ ืžืืคืฉืจ ืคืจืกื•ื ืฉืœ ืžื•ื“ืขื•ืช ื˜ืงืกื˜, ืžื•ื“ืขื•ืช ื’ืจืคื™ื•ืช ื•ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ ื•ื™ื“ื™ืื• ื›ืื—ื“, ื•ื›ืืฉืจ ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืขื ืžืงืฆื•ืขื ื™ื ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื”-Adwords, ื”ื ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœื”ืฆื™ืข ืœื›ืœ ืขืกืง ืืช ื—ื‘ื™ืœืช ื”ืคืจืกื•ื ืฉืชื”ื™ื” ืขื‘ื•ืจื• ื”ืืคืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ืช ื‘ื™ื•ืชืจ.
  • ืจื™ื˜ืจื’ื˜ื™ื ื’ (ืฉื™ื•ื•ืง ืžื—ื“ืฉ) โ€“ ื”ื˜ืจื ื“ ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™ ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืคืจืกื•ื ื‘ืจืฉืช. ืžื“ื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ืคืจืกื•ื ืžืžื•ืžืŸ ืžืชื•ื—ื›ื, ื‘ืขืœ ืืคืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ืžืื•ื“. ืžื˜ืจืชื• ืฉืœ ื”ืจื™ื˜ืจื’ื˜ื™ื ื’ ื”ื™ื ืœื”ืคื•ืš ื›ืžื” ืฉื™ื•ืชืจ ื’ื•ืœืฉื™ื ืฉื ื›ื ืกื• ืœืืชืจ ืื• ืœื—ืฆื• ืขืœ ืคืจืกื•ื ืฉืœ ื”ืขืกืง, ืœืœืงื•ื—ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžืžืฉ. ื•ื›ื›ื” ื–ื” ืขื•ื‘ื“: ื›ืœ ื’ื•ืœืฉ ืฉื ื›ื ืก ืœืืชืจ ืื• ืœื•ื—ืฅ ืขืœ ืžื•ื“ืขื” ืžืžื•ืžื ืช, ืžืฉืื™ืจ ืื—ืจื™ื• ืขืงื‘ื•ืช ื‘ื“ืžื•ืช ืงื•ื“ ืขืœ ื’ื‘ื™ ื”ืฉืจืช. ื”ืงื•ื“ ืœื ืžืฉืคื™ืข ืขืœ ืคืขื™ืœื•ืชื• ื‘ืจืฉืช ื›ื”ื•ื ื–ื”, ืื‘ืœ ืฉื•ืœื— ืœื—ื‘ืจื” ื”ืžืกืคืงืช ืืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืื•ืช ืžื™ื•ื—ื“. ื‘ืจื’ืข ืฉื ืฉืœื— ื”ืื•ืช ื™ื•ื“ืขืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจื” ืœื”ืขืœื•ืช ืคืจืกื•ืžื™ื ืฉืœ ืื•ืชื• ืขืกืง ื’ื ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืื—ืจื™ื ืฉื‘ื”ื ื”ื•ื ื’ื•ืœืฉ, ื•ื›ืš ื“ื•ืื’ืช ืฉื”ื•ื ื›ืœ ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื™ื™ืฉืืจ ืืฆืœื• ื‘ืชื•ื“ืขื”. ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉื’ื•ืœืฉ ื ืชืงืœ ื›ืœ ื”ื–ืžืŸ ื‘ืื•ืชื• ืฉื ืฉืœ ืขืกืง, ืžื‘ื™ืื” ืื•ืชื• ื”ืจื‘ื” ืคืขืžื™ื ืœื‘ื™ืฆื•ืข ื”ืžื”ืœืš ื”ืจืฆื•ื™ ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืขืกืง โ€“ ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ื”ืงืฉืจ. ืขืœ ืคื™ ืžื—ืงืจื™ื, ืจื™ื˜ืจื’ื˜ื™ื ื’ ืžืฉืคืจ ืคื™ 3 ืืช ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ื™ ืฉื’ื•ืœืฉ ื™ืงืœื™ืง ืขืœ ืคืจืกื•ื ืฉืœ ื‘ื™ืช ื”ืขืกืง.
  • ื›ืืฉืจ ืคื•ื ื™ื ืœื—ื‘ืจื” ืฉื’ื ืžืกืคืงืช ืืช ื”ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ื•ื’ื ืžืคืขื™ืœื” ืื™ื ื“ืงืก ืฉืœ ื‘ืขืœื™ ืžืงืฆื•ืข, ื”ืจื™ื˜ืจื’ื˜ื™ื ื’ ื”ื•ืคืš ื™ืขื™ืœ ืขื•ื“ ื™ื•ืชืจ: ื‘ืจื’ืข ืฉืœืงื•ื— ืžื—ืคืฉ ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืžืกื•ื™ื ื‘ืื™ื ื“ืงืก ื”ืจืืฉื™, ื”ื•ื ื ื—ืฉืฃ ืœืžื•ื“ืขื•ืช ืฉืœ ืœืงื•ื— ืืฉืจ ืจื›ืฉ ืืช ืฉื™ืจื•ืชื™ ื”ืฉื™ื•ื•ืง ืžื—ื“ืฉ, ื•ื”ื•ื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืจื•ื•ื™ื— ืžื–ื” ื”ืจื‘ื” ืคื ื™ื•ืช.
  • ืงื™ื“ื•ื ื ื•ื›ื—ื•ืช ืžืงื•ืžื™ืช (ืœื•ืงืืœื™ืช) โ€“ ื—ื‘ืจื” ืฉืžื‘ื™ื ื” ื‘ืฉื™ื•ื•ืง ื“ื™ื’ื™ื˜ืœื™ ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื•ื‘ืงื™ื“ื•ื ืืชืจื™ื ื‘ืคืจื˜ ื”ื™ื ื›ื–ืืช ืฉืžื‘ื™ื ื” ืืช ืžื” ืฉืœื—ืœืงื ื• ื‘ืจื•ืจ ืžืืœื™ื•: ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืžื—ืคืฉื™ื ืฉื™ืจื•ืช ืžืกื•ื™ื ื™ื—ืคืฉื• ืื•ืชื• ื‘ื“ืจืš ื›ืœืœ ืงืจื•ื‘ ืœื‘ื™ืช. ื–ื” ื ื›ื•ืŸ ืชืžื™ื“, ื•ื–ื” ื ื›ื•ืŸ ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืœืื•ืจ ื”ืฉื™ืžื•ืฉ ื‘ืกืœื•ืœืจ, ืืฉืจ ื—ื™ืคื•ืฉ ืžื‘ื•ืกืก ืžื™ืงื•ื ื”ื•ื ื—ืœืง ืžืžื ื•. ืœืžืขืฉื”, ื’ื ืื ืฉื™ื ืฉืžื—ืคืฉื™ื ืžื•ืฆืจ ืžืกื•ื™ื, ื™ืขื“ื™ืคื• ืœืžืฆื•ื ืื•ืชื• ืงืจื•ื‘ ืœื‘ื™ืช ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœื—ืกื•ืš ืืช ื“ืžื™ ื”ืžืฉืœื•ื— ืฉื™ืฆื˜ืจื›ื• ืœืฉืœื ืื ื™ื–ืžื™ื ื• ืžืจื—ื•ืง. ืœื›ืŸ, ื›ืฉืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื ืขืœ ืงื™ื“ื•ื ืืชืจ ื‘ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜ ืฆืจื™ืš ืœืฉื™ื ื“ื’ืฉ ื—ื–ืง ื’ื ืขืœ ื”ืงื™ื“ื•ื ื”ืœื•ืงืืœื™, ื•ื›ืš ืœื”ืฉื™ื’ ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืคื ื™ื•ืช. ื›ืš ืœืžืฉืœ, ืื ืžืงื“ืžื™ื ืืชืจ ืฉืœ ืื™ื ืกื˜ืœื˜ื•ืจ ื‘ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘, ื”ืงื™ื“ื•ื ืฉืœื• ื‘ืžื™ืœื” "ืื™ื ืกื˜ืœื˜ื•ืจ" ื™ื”ื™ื” ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืงืฉื”, ืื‘ืœ ื’ื ื”ืจื‘ื” ืคื—ื•ืช ืืคืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™, ื›ื™ ื’ื ืื ื”ื•ื ื™ืขืœื” ื‘ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ืœืžื™ืฉื”ื• ืฉื’ืจ ื‘ื—ื™ืคื”, ื”ื•ื ืœื ื™ืงื‘ืœ ืžืžื ื• ืคื ื™ื™ื”. ืœืขื•ืžืช ื–ืืช, ืื ื”ืžืฉื•ื•ืง ื”ื“ื™ื’ื™ื˜ืœื™ ื™ืฉื›ื™ืœ ืœืงื“ื ืืช ื”ืืชืจ ื’ื ื‘ืขื™ืจ ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘, ื”ืจื™ ืฉื›ืืฉืจ ื’ื•ืœืฉ ื™ื—ืคืฉ "ืื™ื ืกื˜ืœื˜ื•ืจ ื‘ืชืœ ืื‘ื™ื‘", ื™ืฉ ืœืขืกืง ืกื™ื›ื•ื™ ืจื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ ืœื”ืชื‘ืจื’ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื, ื•ืžืŸ ื”ืกืชื ื’ื ืœืงื‘ืœ ืคื ื™ื•ืช. ืื—ื“ ื”ื’ื•ืจืžื™ื ื”ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ืœื”ืฆืœื—ื” ื‘ืงื™ื“ื•ื ืžืงื•ืžื™ ื”ื•ื ืคืจืกื•ื ื”ืขืกืง ื‘ืืชืจื™ ืื™ื ื“ืงืก (ื›ื’ื•ืŸ ืืชืจ ื“ืคื™ ื–ื”ื‘), ื”ืžืฆื™ื’ื™ื ื’ื ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ืžืงื•ืžื™ื•ืช. ื’ื•ื’ืœ ื‘ื•ื—ืŸ ืืช ื ื•ื›ื—ื•ืช ื”ืขืกืง ื‘ืืชืจื™ื ืืœื” ื•ื”ื•ืคืขื” ืฉื ื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื—ื–ืง ืืช ื”ื”ื•ืคืขื” ื‘ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื™ื ื›ืืฉืจ ื’ื•ืœืฉ ื™ื—ืคืฉ ื—ื™ืคื•ืฉ ืœื•ืงืืœื™.
  • ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ื ื•ืคืจืกื•ื ื‘ื™ื•ื˜ื™ื•ื‘ โ€“ ื”ื™ื“ืขืชื ื›ื™ ื™ื• ื˜ื™ื•ื‘ ื”ื™ื ื”ืจืฉืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ืช ื”ืฉื ื™ื™ื” ื‘ื’ื•ื“ืœื” ืื—ืจื™ ืคื™ื™ืกื‘ื•ืง? ื”ืจื‘ื” ืคืขืžื™ื ืื ืฉื™ื ื‘ื•ื—ืจื™ื ืขืกืง ืžืกื•ื™ื ื‘ื’ืœืœ ื›ื™ืžื™ื” ืฉื ื•ืฆืจืช ืขื ื‘ืขืœ ื”ืขืกืง ืื• ืขื ื ืฆื™ื’ื™ื•. ืžื›ื™ื•ื•ืŸ ืฉื”ื™ื•ื ื”ืจื‘ื” ืžืื•ื“ ืื ืฉื™ื ืžื—ืคืฉื™ื ืขืกืงื™ื ื‘ืื™ื ื˜ืจื ื˜, ื”ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ื›ื™ืžื™ื” ืื™ืฉื™ืช ืงืฆืช ื ืคื’ืขื”. ืื—ืจื™ ื”ื›ื•ืœ, ืงืฉื” ืžืื•ื“ ืœื™ืฆื•ืจ ื›ื™ืžื™ื” ื“ืจืš ืžื™ืœื™ื ื›ืชื•ื‘ื•ืช, ืชื”ื™ื™ื ื” ื™ืคื•ืช / ื—ื›ืžื•ืช / ืžืฉืขืฉืขื•ืช / ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™ื•ืช ื›ื›ืœ ืฉืชื”ื™ื™ื ื”. ืื‘ืœ, ื”ืจืฉืช ืžืฆื™ืขื” ื”ื™ื•ื ืคืœื˜ืคื•ืจืžื” ืื—ืจืช ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืกื™ื™ืข ืžืื•ื“ ื‘ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ื›ื™ืžื™ื”, ืืคื™ืœื• ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžืฉื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื”ื™ื•ื•ืฆืจ ื“ืจืš ืฉื™ื—ื” ื˜ืœืคื•ื ื™ืช. ืงื•ืจืื™ื ืœื” ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ ืชื“ืžื™ืช. ื”ื™ื•ื ื›ืœ ืขืกืง ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืคื ื•ืช ืœื—ื‘ืจื” ืฉืชืคื™ืง ืขื‘ื•ืจื• ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืชื“ืžื™ืช ืžืงืฆื•ืขื™, ืœื”ืขืœื•ืช ืื•ืชื• ืœื™ื•ื˜ื™ื•ื‘ ื•ืœื”ืฉืชืžืฉ ื‘ื• ื›ืคืœื˜ืคื•ืจืžื” ื ื•ืกืคืช ืœื’ื™ื•ืก ืœืงื•ื—ื•ืช ื—ื“ืฉื™ื. ื›ืฉืืช ื”ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืžืคื™ืงื” ื—ื‘ืจื” ืฉืžืชืžื—ื” ื‘ื›ืš ื•ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื” ืชืขื•ื“ื•ืช ื‘ื”ืคืงืช ืกืจื˜ื•ื ื™ื ืฉื™ื•ื•ืงื™ื™ื ืฉืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื, ืจื•ื‘ ื”ืกื™ื›ื•ื™ื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื ืชื•ื›ืœ ืœื”ืคื™ืง ืกืจื˜ื•ืŸ ืฉื™ื‘ื™ื ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ืœืขืกืง ื‘ื›ืœ ืชื—ื•ื ืฉื”ื•ื, ื•ื’ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ื”ืขืกืง ื”ืคืจื˜ื™ ืฉืœื›ื.

ื‘ื—ืœืงื• ื”ืฉื ื™ ืฉืœ ื”ืžืืžืจ ื ืขืกื•ืง ื‘ื”ืฉืคืขืชืŸ ืฉืœ ืืกื˜ืจื˜ื’ื™ื™ืช ื”ืžื™ืชื•ื’, ื‘ื ื™ื™ื” ื ื›ื•ื ื” ืฉืœ ืžื•ื ื™ื˜ื™ืŸ ื•ื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื” ืžืงืฆื•ืขื ื™ืช ืขืœ ื™ืฆื™ืจืช ื—ืฉื™ืคื” ืื•ืคื˜ื™ืžืœื™ืช ืœืขืกืง ื•ืขืœ ื”ื’ื“ืœืช ื—ื•ื’ ื”ืœืงื•ื—ื•ืช.
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